Ebook Paul and Power: Structure of Authority in the Primitive Church as Reflected in the Pauline Epistles, by Bengt Holmberg
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Paul and Power: Structure of Authority in the Primitive Church as Reflected in the Pauline Epistles, by Bengt Holmberg
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The study of the evolution of church structure and order has been subject to considerable research and debate, often with theological presuppositions determining the direction taken. In this highly original work, Bengt Holmberg separates historical groundwork from theological analysis by reviewing the issues from a sociological point of view. What emerges is an unusually lucid study of the network of power relationships which can be traced in the decades of St. Paul's ministry. The principal actors and situations in the Pauline Epistles suggest what the organizational and leadership realities of the times were like and how Paul, his co-workers, and his churches related to one another. In Part One, Holmberg provides a historical description of the distribution of power at three levels in the primitive church: that between the church in Jerusalem and the apostle Paul; at the regional level where Paul operates in local churches personally, through co-workers and by letters; and at the local intrachurch level. In Part Two, Holmberg develops a sociological analysis of the shape and location of authority in the church. He examines the New Testament literature for evidence and then interprets it in terms of categories derived from modern theoretical sociology, and in particular from Max Weber's sociology of authority. Holmberg describes the nature of authority in the early church and concludes that a charismatic authority was continuously reinstitutionalized through interaction of persons, institutions, and social forces within the church. This persuasive and provocative study combines serious New Testament interpretation with sociological analysis of a crucial issue in earliest Christianity. It advances the case of sociological exegesis by offering a model for further investigations of the entire structure of church leadership and authority in emergent Christianity.
- Sales Rank: #2945893 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Augsburg Fortress Publishing
- Published on: 1980-12
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Binding: Hardcover
- 240 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
About the Author
Bengt Homberg is Dean of the faculty of Theology and of the Center for Theology and Religious Studies at Lund University.
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By ljs
Book as advertised. Prompt shipment.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
A savvy blend of sociology and Biblical exegesis
By David deSilva
The earlier review written about this product prompts me to write -- admittedly briefly -- about this book from a different perspective. I do not recall the tone of the book being authoritarian or dark in any way (though perhaps my own upbringing as an Episcopalian and Methodist under the authority of bishops insulates me from this :) ). I do recall, however, that Holmberg very helpfully takes the categories of "legitimate authority" developed by Max Weber and applies these (together with more recent sociological theories of leadership, of course) successfully to the analysis of Pauline texts and communities. He analyzes, for example, the different modes of legitimation used by Paul and his rivals in the various churches, and traces out the emerging "routinization of authority" as charisma yields inevitably to the establishment of offices inwhich authority resides for the long haul. Bengt Holmberg was highly formative for my own development in applying sociology of religion models to New Testament study, and I would highly recommend both this volume and his "Sociology and the New Testament: An Appraisal" to all students of the New Testament (especially those approaching New Testament interpretation professionally, whether from the pulpit or the lecturer's desk.
2 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Older book, but still valuable
By Jeri
This was first published in 1978, so it is an older book. However, the question of authority in the early church is certainly at the core of many debates about early Christianity. Ehrman and Pagels insist, for example, there was no early authority, and all was diversity, diversity, diversity.
They are completely wrong, of course,
And, at any rate, anyone interested in the question of authority in the early church will find this an intriguing book, with many compelling arguments.
In Gal 1 Paul talks about going up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas. He uses the word indicating he is going to gather information. "Tradition about Jesus was passed on from Cephas to Paul" (p 17).
By Gal 2 "The church of Antioch at the time of the Council does regard itself as bound to the mother church in Jerusalem" (p 19) and the Council had the power to decide issues of doctrine.
In other words, within 20-30 years after the crucifixion, there is clear testimony that the "Apostles of Jerusalem can give legally binding injunctions to other churches and their apostles" (p 24). Holmberg finds that Paul and Barnabas are "dependent on what decision is taken by the Jerusalem authorities" (p 28).
Note the stunning lack of diversity. Instead we find evidence of a hierarchy, those in charge and those not.
None of this should come as a surprise. Today, we are accustomed to think democratically. In the ancient world, all relationships were hierarchical, from the client/patron relationships seen in Rome to the Second Temple Jews, who had a high priest and a Levitical priesthood based on genealogical records kept in the Temple. And from the start, the earliest records of Christianity reveal a--no surprise--hierarchy, not to mention clear lines of authority.
Paul talks about passing on the tradition he received--paradosis and paradidonai. These are technical terms, which any Jew would recognize instantly as meaning Paul was receiving and delivering real, binding, oral tradition. Second Temple Jews believed oral traditions were the equal of scripture (Josephus-Antiquities 10.2.1 XIII,297 and Philo -10.2.2 The Special Laws IV 143-150) and every bit as carefully kept.
In Phil 1 Paul mentions the offices of bishop and deacon. Paul himself had a number of men who followed him. Many, such as Silvanus and Apollos would apparently graduate to missions of their own.
In all of this there is clear evidence of a hierarchy and of authority, of a standard of truth, or tradition, to be held to.
The Bauer thesis, followed today by Ehrman and Pagels, held that there was no evidence of real authority in the earliest days of Christianity. Bauer insisted a chain of authority only arrived about the time of Ignatius of Antioch. Ignatius wrote around 110 AD. In fact, Bauer claimed Ignatius made up authority to combat the much more numerous Gnostics.
Bauer was very wrong. We find no evidence of Gnostics until over a century after the death of Christ. On the side of authority we see we see bishops in a position of power and passing on oral tradition from the very earliest days.
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